b'Some Difficult Areas of Application / BiographyBaseball playersBiography and would be more suitable for a collective biography that includesmanagers, owners of teams, and other persons associated with the sport.Individual BiographiesUsually the only subject heading needed for the life of an individual is the name of the person,established in the same way as an author entry. The rules for establishing names are in AACR2. If awork is an autobiography, the authors name is entered in the bibliographic record twice, once as theauthor and again as the subject. There are a few individual persons about whom much has beenwritten other than biographical material, such as works about their writings or other activities. Insuch cases, subdivisions are added to the persons name to specify the various aspects treated,among them Biography. As examples of such persons, the Sears List includes Jesus Christ andShakespeare, William, 1564-1616, with subdivisions appropriate to material written about them.The subdivisions listed under Shakespeare may also be used, if needed, under the name of anyvoluminous author. The subdivisions provided under PresidentsUnited States may also be usedunder the name of any president or other ruler, if applicable. The subdivisions needed will vary fromone individual to another. Different topics will be applicable, for example, to the material on MartinLuther, Napoleon, and Sigmund Freud. It should be noted that this use of subdivisions representsthe exceptional, not the usual, treatment.For most individual biographies the name alone is sufficient. Occasionally a biography will includeenough material about the field in which the person worked that a second subject heading isrequired in addition to the personal name. A life of Mary Baker Eddy, for example, may include anaccount of the development of Christian Science substantial enough to warrant the subject headingChristian ScienceHistory. The additional subject headings should be used only when the workcontains a significant amount of material about the field of endeavor in addition to the subjectspersonal life, not simply because the subject was prominent in that field.It is not customary practice to categorize the subjects of individual biographies by race, sex,occupation, etc. with the subdivision Biography. Headings such as African American musicians Biography or Women politiciansBiography are appropriate only to collective biographies.Some catalogers are tempted to assign such headings to individual biographies as well, but there areseveral compelling reasons for not doing so. The first and most obvious is that in the case of acollective biography it is the author or compiler of the work who classifies or categorizes thepersons included, not the cataloger. For a book such as Black Women Scientists in the UnitedStates, the subject heading African American women scientists is applicable because the authorhas selected the subjects of the biographies expressly for being African Americans, women, andscientists. For a collective biography entitled Just as I Am: Famous Men and Women withDisabilities, the subject string People with disabilitiesBiography would be appropriate becausethe author has written about several disabled persons with their condition as the common feature. Itwould be impertinent labeling, however, for a cataloger to assign the subject string People withdisabilitiesBiography to a biography of an individual person who happened to be differentlyabled, even if that condition were an important element of the persons story. In other words, threeA-34'