b'Maintaining a CatalogThe library catalog is a vital function at the very center of a library, and as such it is always growingand changing to reflect the growing collection and to meet the changing needs of the users. It is achallenge to the cataloger to add new records, revise existing records, and make all the appropriatereferences, and at the same time maintain the integrity of the catalog.ADDING NEW HEADINGSWhen a cataloger has determined what an item to be cataloged is about and formulated that conceptinto words, the next step is to find the subject heading that expresses that concept. The first thing tobe determined is whether or not there is already an existing heading in the List for that concept. If,for example, there is a book on lawsuits, the cataloger may think of the terms Lawsuits, Suing, andSuits. Upon consulting the List it becomes clear that those words are not headings but references tothe established heading Litigation. Litigation is slightly broader than Suing but is more suitable asa subject heading because it includes the matter of defending oneself against lawsuits. In this casethe cataloger enters the book into the catalog under the heading Litigation. A new heading is notnecessary.At other times the appropriate heading for a book is not a new heading but a new combination of anestablished heading and a subdivision. If, for example, there is a book on the use and abuse ofalcohol on college campuses, the cataloger may first think of the term Drunkenness. In the SearsList Drunkenness is an unpreferred term and a reference to two established headings: Alcoholismand Temperance. The scope note at Temperance reads: Use for materials on the virtue oftemperance or on the temperance movement. The book is not about drunkenness in relation toeither vice and virtue or the temperance movement, so that heading can be eliminated. Neither is thebook really about alcoholism, but at the heading Alcoholism, there is a general reference that reads:SA [See also] classes of persons with the subdivision Alcohol use, e.g. EmployeesAlcohol use;YouthAlcohol use; etc., [to be added as needed]. At this point the cataloger realizes that theappropriate Sears subject heading for the book at hand would be College studentsAlcohol use.College students is already an established heading in the List, but it could be added if it were not.The cataloger should always keep in mind that it is not only appropriate but essential that types ofthings and examples of things not found in the List be established as headings and added to the Listlocally as needed. If there is a book on gloves, for example, and there is no heading in the Sears Listfor Gloves, the cataloger thinks of the concept or category of thing that would include gloves.Clothing comes to mind. At the heading Clothing and dress in the List there is a general reference:SA [See also] types of clothing articles and accessories [to be added as needed]. The catalogerthen establishes the heading Gloves and enters the book into the catalog under Gloves. It would beinappropriate to enter the book under the heading Clothing and dress simply because Clothingand dress is in the List and Gloves is not. It would mean that a user looking in the catalog underGloves would find nothing. The general references in the List should reinforce the point that the ListA-43'